Long term relationships with our customers guides the efforts of our engineering group and have led to increased functionality, reliability and ergonomics of our systems. Electron beam welding ebw methods useful for welding of thick copper material. See below for the calculations behind it and a downloadable excel sheet. Optimization of ebw parameters for 2219 alalloy using grey relation method p. The aim was also to explain the principle properties of the ebw method.
The contractor building the sspc hoped to be able to develop electron beam welding ebw procedures, and supplied some of the welded specimens that were examined in this investigation. Express written agreement is required in each individual case as a guarantee of suitability. Study on the wetting device of gms7 spine taping machine. Therefore, for metal characterized by low viscosity the proper welding parameters are strongly recommended 19. Eb welding machines electron beam welding laser welding. Ebw is often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent dissipation of the electron beam. The electron beam welding process is a very precise technique and is also highly repeatable due to the automation required. Pdf parameters used for electron beam welding a comparative. The goal of the work was to design ebw that will produce fz of required depth. The application of electron beam welding for the joining of dissimilar. Electron beam welding systems, eb welders ptrprecision. Electrons are elementary atomic particles characterized by a.
Optimization of ebw parameters for 2219 alalloy using. Cross section of an ideal weld bead showing the bead geometry is given in fig. Job knowledge 9 measurement of arc welding parameters. Since ebw is a fusionwelding process, metallurgical phenomena. Investigations into the effects of electron beam welding. Electron beam welding tig welding, mig welding, arc. Electron beam welding also offers precise weld penetration control from a. Study on optimum electron beam welding condition for. When good results are achieved, record the parameters. At the outset of this study on the weldability of dissimilar metal. Parameters used for electron beam welding a comparative study conference paper pdf available january 2010 with 2,556 reads how we measure reads. The electron beam eb welding process is used in a variety of industries.
Petrov and others published parameters used for electron beam welding a comparative study find, read and cite all the research. One of the specific processes caused by the impact of the dense electron beam to the metal during ebw is the formation of plasma in the operational area 89. Transferring electron beam welding parameters using the. In the present study, the determined welding parameters are examined in detailed for shielded metal arc welding method and the resultant ideal welding parameters and their limits are. Therefore, ebw has become a preferred method of the ti2alnb alloys welding. Optimization of spot welding process parameters for maximum tensile strength manoj raut 1 and vishal achwal corresponding author. Relations between electron beam welding parameters and. The thermal shrinkage of the weld metal protected the welded joint. From waferthin diaphragms to rocket motor housings, electron beam welding has the ability to join a diverse range of components in all shapes and sizes and in a multitude of material combinations. Located at the same premises as ebe, our associate company, electron beam engineering services ebes provides electron beam welding and laser beam welding systems and weld tooling accessories.
Electronbeam welding ebw is a fusion welding process in which a beam of highvelocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. Good parameterregions for electron beam welding, which yield full penetration welds without holes or weld spatters, are surveyed. The determination of appropriate welding parameters for spot welding is a very complex issue. The excel sheet wasnt unhiding columns properly after the last update you may want to download it again if you were having difficulties. Electronbeam welding behavior in mgalbased alloys s. Electron beam welding process, applications and equipment download article. Electron beam welding was used for joining al6061t6, precision machined, cylindrical sections. Ebw is a process in which the welding parameters are closely controlled and recorded at the initial development stage so that on subsequent production runs each batch is welded to precisely the same settings. The studies show that the spectrum of the secondary. The essential electron beam weld parameters include weld power as a combination of beam voltage and current, travel speed, working distance, vacuum. The butt welding of thin sheets proved to be unsuccessful, because of irregular weld. Electron beam welding ebw is a fusion joining process that produces a weld by impinging a beam of high energy electrons to heat the weld joint. Pdf optimization of ebw parameters for 2219 alalloy.
The process develops energy by bombarding the workpiece with a focused beam of high velocity electrons. Record ebw test equipment type ptr join type bw depth of penetration q. A vacuum 5 x 104 welding position pa other information. In this work, two butt plates are joined by using electron. Parameters controlled for an eb welder can be beam current, filament current, beam focus, high voltage, and deflection, along with all the of mechanical axes. Electron beam welding ebw is one of several methods used to weld metal components together. Ebw has unique abilities for welding dissimilar metals, complex or curved components and precision parts. The optimal welding parameters have been selected and verified experimentally. Heat input calculators a quick calculator using welding parameters is presented here. Electron beam welding inprocess control and monitoring. Electron beam welding process applications and equipment. Electron beam welding ebw of titanium alloy ti6al4v is not an easy task and. Welding and joining guidelines haynes international. Ebw offers a significant number of advantages compared to other fusion welding techniques which include high penetration.
Allowed parameter regions to obtain a full penetration weld without hole or spattering, a relation between underbead width and ebw parameters, and a relation among a peak height, valley depth and underbead width were also examined. Ho the electronbeam welding ebw behaviors of pure mg and the az31, az61, and az91 mg alloys are examined in this study, in terms of fusionzone characteristics, grain structures, texture evolution, and joint efficiency. Electron beam welding componentsupgrades at precision. Electron beam welding an overview sciencedirect topics. The welding parameters current, time, force have thus to be adapted for the higher electrical and thermal conductivities of aluminium. Electron beam welding process, applications and equipment. Electron beam welding ebw is fusion welding technology. Ptr manufactures electron beam and laser welders using proven designs and the latest technologies. The experimental studies have been conducted under varying pressure, welding current, pressure, and welding time. The ebw process is wellpositioned to provide industries with highest quality welds and machine. Current is normally measured by a hall effect probe clipped around the cable. Ebw is preferable to joining titanium alloy, because it is in much clean vacuum chamber and has high energy density and relatively low heat input 16,17 that produces a weld with narrowdeep penetration, small heat affected zone, low distortion and residual stresses. The set of process parameters was identified based on work of ferro for inconel. The following basic guidelines are for mig welding steel with solid wire.
This welding technology also creates strong and pure joins that can be used across a number of highend applications for a wide range of industries. A macrophotograph of a real weld bead is shown in fig. Electron beam welding ebw is another focused beam welding process. Joint design, position and other factors affect results and settings. The process variables control electron beam power for an eb welder or arc and wire transfer for a fusion welding system. The welded assembly exhibited a minimum amount of distortion, but a better understanding of the effects of several key welding parameters on the structural integrity of the weld was required.
Ahw atomic hydrogen welding caw constricted arc welding tig tungsten inertgas arc welding mig metal inertgas arc welding mag metal activegas arc welding pjw plasma jet welding paw plasma arc welding pjpw plasma jet plasma arc welding gmgmma gasmixture shielded metalarc welding magm magc co2shielded metalarc welding ngw narrowgap welding. It differs from other processes in several important ways, which will be explained in this article. Gas metal arc welding gmaw, by definition, is an arc welding process which produces the coalescence of metals by heating them with an arc between a continuously fed filler metal electrode and the work. In this investigation the quality characteristic tensile strength has been considered using taguchi method. Electron beam welding, despite a long history and widespread arc and laser technology, is still widely used in industry. Study on optimum electron beam welding condition for superconducting accelerating cavities. The ebw process was chosen because it produces a weld. Research electron beam welding of thick copper material.
Optimization of ebw parameters for 2219 alalloy using grey relation method. The power density pd defines the processs ability to develop enough heat for welding. For such thin sheets square butt joint is unusable. This paper presents a mathematical and numerical model for the temperature distribution into a workpiece during electron beam welding ebw. Electron beam welding is a fusion welding process in which a beam of highvelocity electrons is applied to the material to be joined. This paper represents the optimization of various parameters of resistance spot welding. We studied relations between electron beam welding parameters and appearances of weld beads. The workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact. The main applications for this high efficiency welding process are.